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Augusto Calheiros (Murici, June 5, 1891 – Rio de Janeiro, January 11, 1956) was a Brazilian singer and composer. He began his artistic career in Recife in the mid-1920s. In 1927, as a member of the Pernambuco group Turunas da Mauriceia, he moved to Rio de Janeiro. The group's Rio de Janeiro debut took place at the Teatro Lírico, in a show sponsored by the newspaper Correio da Manhã, where Augusto Calheiros achieved enormous success due to his fine-tuned voice and distinctive performance style. According to press reports from the time, Calheiros spent many years of his life singing with only one lung, due to tuberculosis.